Understanding Natural Language Processing strives to elucidate the fundamental principles of natural language processing (NLP) from various angles, encompassing conceptual, mathematical, and algorithmic perspectives, along with practical insights into tools and software usage. The primary emphasis, however, is directed towards prompting readers to contemplate applications in the realm of natural language processing, enabling them to seamlessly integrate NLP components into real-time applications. The concepts are explored through the lens of machine learning and deep learning methodologies, accompanied by relevant use cases threaded throughout the chapters.